Modern Art: Realism to the Present
Realism, Impressionism, Post Impressionism, Expressionism, Cubism, Surrealism
Realism
• Cynical confrontation with Romantic flights
of fancy and the rising bourgeois culture • Portrayed ordinary people doing daily tasks
• Major Artists: • Courbet
• Brown
Gustav Courbet 1819-1877
The Stone Breakers
1849-1850
The Painter's Studio; A Real Allegory
1855
Ford Madox Brown 18211893
The Last of England 1855
Impressionism
• Based on earlier Spanish painting and Japanese art
• represented a new enthusiasm for the reaction of the artist to a scene • portrayed what the eye could see with a single glance
•Painted mostly outdoors •Flat brush strokes become flecks of paint/more free •Concept of color palettes
• important artists: Manet, Monet, Renoir
Edouard Manet 1832-1883
The Fifer
1866
The Bar at the Folies Bergère
1882
Luncheon on the Grass
1863
Claude Monet 1840-1926
Water Lilies
Water Lilies
1905
Japanese Footbridge
1899
Auguste Renoir 1841-1919
The Ball at the Moulin de la Galette,
1876
A Girl with a Watering Can
1876
Post Impressionism
• Applies to painters in the 1880s and 1890s • A move beyond Impressionism which emphasized the realistic aspects of art • which desired to explore psychological effects with more solidity than the Impressionist gave
• important artists: • Cezanne • Seurat • van Gogh
Paul Cezanne 1839-1906
Still Life with Apples
1890-1894
The Card Players
1890-1892
Vincent Van Gogh (1853-1890)
Irises
1889
The Starry Night
1889
Café Terrace at Night
1888
Sunday Afternoon on the Island of la Grande Jatte
1886
Bathing at Asnièrs
approx. 1884
Expressionism
• Everything subordinated to the expression of emotion • Major artists:
•Henri Matisse
•Edvard Munch
Edvard Munch (1863-1944)
The Scream
1893
Henri Matisse (1869-1954)
The Red Studio
1911
The Joy of Life
19051906
Woman in a Purple Coat
1937
Cubism
• Painters emphasized geometric patterns in portraying an artist or a situation • Major artists: • Pablo Picasso
Pablo Picasso (18811973)
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon 1907
The Old Guitarist
1903
Guernica, detail
1937
Three Musicians
1921
Surrealism
• Founded in the 1920s • Influenced by Freudian psychology
• Portrays the fantasies and dreams of the subconscious
• Major artists:
• Max Ernst
• Salvador Dali
Max Ernst (1891-1976)
The Wavering Woman
1923
Salvador Dali (1904-1989)
The Persistence of Memory, 1931
The Sacrament of the Last Supper
1955